![]() Gordian Knotįrom Halicarnassus, Alexander headed north to Gordium, home of the fabled Gordian knot, a group of tightly-entwined knots yoked to an ancient wagon. ![]() Under siege yet not beaten, Halicarnassus held out long enough for King Darius III, the newest Persian king, to amass a substantial army. But his army encountered resistance in the cities of Miletus, Mylasa and Halicarnassus. Victory went to Alexander and the Macedonians.Īlexander then headed south and easily took the city of Sardes. They crossed the Hellespont, a narrow strait between the Aegean Sea and the Sea of Marmara, and faced Persian and Greek forces at the Granicus River. Once he’d cleaned house, Alexander left to follow in his father’s footsteps and continue Macedonia’s world domination.Īlexander appointed the general Antipater as regent and headed for Persia with his army. He also quashed rebellions for independence in northern Greece. Just 20 years old, Alexander claimed the Macedonian throne and killed his rivals before they could challenge his sovereignty. In 336 B.C., Alexander’s father Philip was assassinated by his bodyguard Pausanias. In 338 B.C., Alexander saw the opportunity to prove his military worth and led a cavalry against the Sacred Band of Thebes-a supposedly unbeatable, select army made up entirely of male lovers-during the Battle of Chaeronea.Īlexander put his vigor and bravery on display, and his cavalry decimated the Sacred Band of Thebes. ![]() Aristotle sparked and fostered Alexander’s interest in literature, science, medicine and philosophy.Īlexander was just 16 when Philip went off to battle and left his son in charge of Macedonia. When Alexander was 13, Philip called on the great philosopher Aristotle to tutor his son. The horse became his battle companion for most of Alexander’s life. ![]() At age 12, Alexander showed impressive courage when he tamed the wild horse Bucephalus, an enormous stallion with a furious demeanor. ![]()
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